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Universal electronic card (UEC) ((ロシア語:универсальная электронная карта)) is an identity E-card that is issued to Russian citizens starting from January 2013 and is gradually replacing the Internal passport of Russia. The UEC allows remote order, pay and receive government services,〔 replaces a number of documents, including medical insurance policies and pension insurance certificate, bringing together different services on a single card including electronic purse, debit card, electronic signature, the ticket and other possibilities. ==History== In July 2010, the Federal Law No. 210-FZ of July 27, 2010 "On the organization of public and municipal services", which defines the universal electronic card, the objectives of its creation and application areas. In February 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev chaired a meeting of the "Commission for Modernization and Technological Development of Russia", dedicated to the implementation of one of the most important projects of the Commission – the introduction of universal electronic card as a means of public and municipal services to the population. It became known that the Russian companies do not have time to make a 2012 microprocessor. Use the map to the microprocessor foreign production Federal Security Service, Russia's internal secret police considers dangerous. It was a political decision temporarily, in 2012, a microprocessor foreign production. In October 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev signed a presidential decree on the application of the national emblem on the universal electronic card. They also found that there were difficulties in the implementation of the electronic systems of interdepartmental cooperation, the term of which is transferred to start mid-2012. And without starting the system to issue a map is meaningless. The term of issue of the universal electronic card rescheduled for January 1, 2013. Also in October 2011, it was decided to use only the Russian UEC payment system PRO100, excluding the participation of international payment systems Visa and MasterCard. And in the Savings Bank promised to "neutralize lobbyists international payment systems in the bodies of the Russian government". Since February 2012, in nine pilot regions of Russia: Moscow, St. Petersburg, the Astrakhan region, the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Volgograd Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Penza Oblast, Krasnodar Krai and Tatarstan started issuing cards to participants of the project, in order to verify it works in practice. On 16 February 2012, there was published "How to use UEC", which set out the anecdotal evidence of the pin-code, which is possible only unfulfilled plans of developers: "If citizens are forced to enter a PIN code, then provided false PINs, the introduction of which will buy time and to provide prompt assistance to a citizen from the power structures". In September 2012 it was reported that the technologies used and tested in the UEC will be used in an electronic passport, which is scheduled to release in a few years. In November 2012, on the official website of "UEC" was launched availability monitoring of Russian regions for the launch of the project. Willingness implies a destination charge of UEC in the region, providing secure channels of communication, providing access to regional public services by UEC, the establishment of call centers, etc. The monitoring data is updated once a week. In December 2012, there was an order that all multi-function centers, providing state and municipal services should be equipped with card readers for universal electronic cards. In January 2013, the certification of microprocessors for universal electronic cards from the Russian company "Mikron" was completed. Also, in some universal electronic card with a microprocessor foreign production, presented by JSC "Atlas of cards". This is done to during the competition between the two companies to reduce cost of production of UEC. Map started to give the citizens of Russia on the application, which can be fed into the open across Russia points for receiving applications and issuing cards. President of "UEC" Alex Popov said that the card uses an electronic signature CryptoPro. In February 2013, it was announced that some regions of the Russian Federation does not have enough money to ensure the production and issuance of cards. Sberbank has decided to be part of the shareholders authorized regional organizations, enabling them to finance the work of, and to create a unified regional processing centers and billing, who will take over as the expenditure part of the issuance of all of UEC, and as the revenue side will be engaged in accrual payments for utilities across the region and will be transport operators. In the spring 2013, issue of regional social cards stopped. Instead, citizens there would be given the universal electronic cards. In the late spring of 2013, it was planned to open a portal for citizens' identification and payment of public services. Citizens would be able to register on the portal with the help of UEC, using a card reader. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Universal electronic card」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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